REAL SCIENCE. REAL POSSIBILITIES.
ADNP, MICROTUBULE & TAU RESEARCH

NAP / Davunetide

A brain-focused peptide tested in human studies of cognition and neurodegenerative conditions, without an established clinical benefit.

Microtubule stabilityTau biologyCognitive trials
Substantial human testing, but the pivotal PSP trial was negativeDavunetide reached a 313-person phase 2/3 study and smaller cognition trials. The programme shows meaningful exposure and feasibility data, yet no approved neurological benefit emerged.
WHY PEOPLE ARE INTERESTED

What did researchers hope Davunetide could do?

Davunetide moved well beyond animal work. Its microtubule and tau rationale led to intranasal trials in mild cognitive impairment, schizophrenia and progressive supranuclear palsy—making the negative clinical findings central to the story.

Start with the big picture

These cards show what NAP / Davunetide is best known for and where the interest comes from. When you want the detail, open Research for the studies or Evidence for a quick view of how strong the support is.

AT A GLANCENAP / Davunetide
Microtubule stabilityTau biologyCognitive trials

The main reasons this compound attracts attention. The Research and Evidence sections give you the deeper scientific picture.

Nerve-cell structure

A key part of the research story is supporting microtubules — tiny internal structures that help nerve cells keep their shape and transport materials.

WHAT THE RESEARCH SAYS

Preclinical work supports interactions with microtubule-related processes, but a mechanism does not guarantee slower neurological decline.

Evidence so farStrong preclinical rationale

Tau-related neuroprotection

Progressive supranuclear palsy provided a direct clinical test because abnormal tau biology is central to the disease.

WHAT THE RESEARCH SAYS

Despite that rationale, 30 mg twice-daily intranasal treatment for 52 weeks did not improve either primary clinical endpoint.

Evidence so farHuman efficacy negative in PSP

Cognition signals

Earlier studies explored attention, working memory and functional brain measures.

WHAT THE RESEARCH SAYS

Small exploratory findings appeared in some analyses, but no robust, replicated cognitive treatment effect was established.

Evidence so farEarly and uncertain human evidence

A valuable clinical test

Davunetide demonstrates how a promising neuroprotective mechanism can be examined in a large, international trial.

WHAT THE RESEARCH SAYS

The PSP result was neutral, while nasal adverse effects supplied practical route-specific safety information.

Evidence so farSubstantial human programme
Interest first. Evidence next.We start with why people are talking about NAP / Davunetide, then show what the research actually supports so you can see the full picture.
HOW TO READ THE RESEARCH STORY

A strong neurobiology rationale tested by a neutral pivotal trial

Davunetide reached meaningful human development. Earlier cognition signals and extensive microtubule research must now be read alongside the negative 52-week PSP result.

NAPVSIPQ
01ADNP fragment

Eight-amino-acid NAP sequence

02Microtubules

Tau and cytoskeletal neuroprotection rationale

03Human trials

MCI, schizophrenia and 313-person PSP study

04Clinical result

No slowing of PSP on either primary endpoint

WHAT THE HUMAN PROGRAMME TESTED

Microtubule and tau biology put to a serious clinical test

Davunetide progressed from ADNP-fragment biology into international human trials. Its programme contains both exploratory cognition findings and one decisive negative result in PSP.

01
Neuronal structure

Preclinical research links NAP with microtubule-related processes and neuronal resilience.

02
Cognition

Smaller 12-week trials explored attention, working memory and functional brain outcomes.

03
PSP

A 313-person trial used 30 mg intranasally twice daily for 52 weeks.

04
Clinical boundary

The PSP trial did not improve disease severity or activities of daily living.

RESEARCH LANDSCAPENAP · microtubules · tau · phase 2/3 result
NAPVSIPQMCISchizophreniaPSP
Studies & trials

Studies & trials

Original publication · PubMed · trial registry where available
2014 · Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial

Davunetide in progressive supranuclear palsy

313 participants with progressive supranuclear palsy across 48 centres

Intranasal30 mg twice daily52 weeks
Davunetide did not improve the PSP Rating Scale or activities-of-daily-living primary endpoints versus placebo.
Nasal adverse events—including epistaxis, rhinorrhoea and discomfort—were more frequent with davunetide.
2011 · Randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 study

Davunetide in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

144 adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Intranasal5 mg once daily or 15 mg twice daily12 weeks
The programme reported exploratory attention and working-memory signals rather than a definitive disease-modifying result.
The study does not establish treatment for dementia, healthy-user cognition or long-term prevention.
Evidence snapshot

Evidence snapshot

Separate dimensions, not one overall score
Human evidenceStrong
4/5 evidence depth

Controlled intranasal studies included a 313-person phase 2/3 trial and smaller cognition programmes.

Clinical efficacyEarly
1/5 evidence depth

Davunetide did not improve progression in PSP; broader cognitive efficacy remains unconfirmed.

Safety evidenceDeveloping
3/5 evidence depth

Trial safety data exist, including route-specific nasal events, but unsupervised products and long-term use outside trials are not characterised.

Preclinical evidenceStrong
4/5 evidence depth

Cell and animal work supports microtubule, tau and neuroprotection hypotheses.

HOW TO READ THESE SCORESStrong preclinical evidence · strong human evidence

These are editorial evidence-depth ratings on a 1–5 scale, not a statistical result or a single scientific formula. They summarise how much relevant evidence is present in each separate category and how mature that evidence is.

Human evidenceHow much direct research in people is available and how developed it is.
Clinical efficacyWhether human studies demonstrate meaningful outcomes for the claims being discussed.
Safety evidenceHow much human safety, tolerability and longer-term follow-up information is available.
Preclinical evidenceThe depth of laboratory and animal research supporting biological plausibility.
EVIDENCE LANDSCAPENAP / DavunetideMechanism → measured response → clinical outcome
Human exposureSubstantial

Multiple monitored intranasal trials

Clinical efficacyNot established

Pivotal PSP result negative; cognition uncertain

Main gapUseful indication

No approved neurological treatment role

Keep route, study setting and outcome together

A measured biological response can be valuable evidence without establishing a self-administered protocol or a durable treatment benefit.

From promising signals to human evidencePreclinical research can reveal promising biological signals. Human studies show how far those signals have translated into real-world outcomes.
What people are exploring
PEOPLE & EXPERIENCE

Why people are exploring Davunetide

Memory, tau and neuroprotection goals—mapped against real intranasal human trials, uncertain cognition signals and a negative pivotal PSP result.

Community goals · human trial exposure · efficacy boundary
Why this matters

Davunetide is explored around memory, neuroprotection and tau-related disease. Unlike many community peptides it has substantial human trial data, but the largest and most clinically decisive study did not show benefit in PSP.

01
Frequently discussedMemory and attention
02
Frequently discussedTau and neurodegeneration
03
Frequently discussedIntranasal brain delivery
04
Frequently discussedLong cycles for prevention
WHAT PEOPLE REPORTReal-world interest

Experiences can reveal recurring goals, perceived changes and practical questions that formal studies may not yet address. They can suggest what deserves investigation, but cannot isolate the effect of one compound from rehabilitation, time or other changes.

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WHAT RESEARCH ADDSScientific context

Human and preclinical research helps test whether an idea is biologically plausible, whether it appears in people and how confidently the result can be separated from chance, bias or other parts of recovery.

01Frequently discussed
Frequently discussedPositive interest with important uncertainty

Memory and attention

Interest often draws on earlier mild-cognitive-impairment and schizophrenia studies.

HUMAN EVIDENCE

Twelve-week trials generated exploratory signals but no robust, replicated overall cognitive benefit.

MECHANISTIC / PRECLINICAL

ADNP-fragment research supports neuronal and microtubule hypotheses.

WHERE IT STANDS TODAY

A human-tested idea that remains clinically unproven.

02Frequently discussed
Frequently discussedPositive interest with important uncertainty

Tau and neurodegeneration

Davunetide is often discussed as if target relevance alone predicts disease modification.

HUMAN EVIDENCE

The 52-week phase 2/3 PSP trial was negative on both primary outcomes.

MECHANISTIC / PRECLINICAL

Microtubule stability and reduced tau phosphorylation motivated the trial.

WHERE IT STANDS TODAY

The direct human test outweighs mechanism-only optimism for PSP.

03Frequently discussed
Frequently discussedPositive interest with important uncertainty

Intranasal brain delivery

The nasal route is seen as practical and potentially CNS-directed.

HUMAN EVIDENCE

Trials demonstrate that intranasal administration was feasible, not that retail sprays reproduce exposure or efficacy.

MECHANISTIC / PRECLINICAL

Nose-to-brain concepts offer a rationale but do not guarantee delivery.

WHERE IT STANDS TODAY

A studied route with concentration, device and product-quality dependence.

04Frequently discussed
Frequently discussedPositive interest with important uncertainty

Long cycles for prevention

Some users extrapolate the 52-week PSP design toward maintenance or prevention.

HUMAN EVIDENCE

The long trial did not slow PSP and was not conducted in healthy users.

MECHANISTIC / PRECLINICAL

Chronic animal protection cannot define preventive human use.

WHERE IT STANDS TODAY

Trial duration should not be mistaken for a successful maintenance schedule.

Experience can start the question. Research has to test it.

Community reports can surface patterns worth exploring. Controlled human research is what tests whether those patterns are reliable, clinically meaningful and attributable toNAP / Davunetide, while the available studies show how far that question has already been answered.

Dose & duration
DOSE & DURATION

See the numbers in their proper context

Compare published study protocols with the patterns people discuss in the community. The two are intentionally kept separate so an anecdotal routine is never mistaken for clinical guidance.

Research protocols · community patterns · calculator tools
Research dose ≠ recommendation. A dose used in a study describes that study only and does not establish an appropriate dose for an individual outside the research setting.
ONE ANECDOTAL COMMUNITY EXAMPLE

Human dose arms with no successful maintenance regimen

These are separate intranasal trial arms—not a titration ladder. The highest and longest protocol failed to slow PSP.

ANECDOTAL · UNVALIDATED
1MCI low arm
5 mg · once daily

Randomized 12-week research arm

2MCI / schizophrenia
15 mg · twice daily

Higher 12-week research arm

3PSP phase 2/3
30 mg · twice daily

52-week pivotal protocol

4Clinical result
No PSP benefit

Both primary endpoints were neutral

What human studies administeredIntranasal arms ranged from 5 mg once daily to 30 mg twice daily across different diagnoses and trial designs.
What the protocols do not establishThey do not create an approved dose, a nootropic titration, a preventive cycle or evidence that higher exposure works better.
ROUTE & DELIVERYNasal tolerability became part of the evidence

Epistaxis, rhinorrhoea and nasal discomfort were more frequent with davunetide in the PSP trial. Device and formulation still matter.

PROFESSIONAL SOURCE CONTEXT

The source documents the published phase 2/3 exposure and its negative efficacy result. It is not a dosing recommendation.

Davunetide PSP phase 2/3 trial ↗
CALCULATOR TOOLS

Work with the numbers

Convert amounts, concentration, liquid volume and vial requirements. These tools do the arithmetic; they do not select a dose.

Davunetide has published intranasal human protocols, but no approved neurological dose and no evidence-led self-use schedule.

PUBLISHED HUMAN RESEARCH

Phase 2/3 PSP trial

Adults with progressive supranuclear palsy

View source ↗
01 · START / INITIAL30 mg
02 · END / TARGET30 mg
03 · STUDY WINDOW52 weeks

Published study structure, shown as data — not a personal dosing schedule.

Start / initial30 mg
End / target30 mg
FrequencyTwice daily
RouteIntranasal
Study duration52 weeks

This high-dose trial was negative on both primary efficacy endpoints; it is not a target for community dosing.

PUBLISHED HUMAN RESEARCH

MCI and schizophrenia studies

Adults in monitored cognition programmes

View source ↗
01 · START / INITIAL5 mg
02 · END / TARGET15 mg
03 · STUDY WINDOW12 weeks

Published study structure, shown as data — not a personal dosing schedule.

Start / initial5 mg
End / target15 mg
FrequencyOnce daily to twice daily
RouteIntranasal
Study duration12 weeks

These were randomized research arms, not a validated nootropic titration or maintenance plan.

HOW TO READ THE STEP-UPThe start and target come from the published protocol.

The visual shows the opening amount, target amount and total study window. It does not invent intermediate steps: the linked paper or authorised product information remains the source for the complete escalation schedule.

Often combined with
OFTEN COMBINED WITH

Why people explore pairings with NAP / Davunetide

See the thinking behind community-named stacks, the different role each component is proposed to play, and how much of that idea has actually been tested as a combination.

Community rationale · component roles · evidence boundary
Potential first, evidence in context. Pairings are usually explored because their research stories appear complementary. That makes them interesting to study, but does not yet prove extra benefit or safety.
CURRENT COMPOUNDNAP / Davunetide
OFTEN EXPLORED WITHDavunetide + specialist neurological care

Davunetide + Diagnosis-specific therapy and rehabilitation

OFTEN EXPLORED WITHDavunetide + cognitive rehabilitation

Davunetide + Targeted cognitive strategies

OFTEN EXPLORED WITHDavunetide + Semax / Pinealon

Davunetide + Experimental cognitive peptides

Combination-specific human research is the strongest evidence for what a pairing adds. Evidence for either ingredient alone should not be silently transferred to the combination.
DNAP / DAVUNETIDE IS USUALLY DISCUSSED AROUNDMicrotubule and tau neuroprotection tested in human trials

The programme reached phase 2/3, but davunetide did not slow PSP and has no approved cognitive indication.

PTHE PAIRED APPROACH MAY ADDDiagnosis-specific rehabilitation or experimental cognitive peptides

Rehabilitation can have independent value. Semax and Pinealon are community pairings without controlled combination evidence.

01Start with the diagnosis

PSP, MCI, medication effects and healthy-user goals are fundamentally different contexts.

02Respect the negative result

A combination does not reverse the pivotal PSP trial outcome.

03Watch nasal and CNS effects

Bleeding, discomfort, sleep or behavioural changes become harder to attribute in a stack.

Safety context
SAFETY & UNCERTAINTY

Human safety data exist, but the pivotal benefit–risk result was unfavourable

01ENCOURAGING CONTEXTA substantial human programme exists

Randomized intranasal studies provide route, exposure and adverse-event information beyond a preclinical peptide profile.

02THE IMPORTANT BOUNDARYThe pivotal PSP trial was negative

Davunetide did not improve disease severity or activities of daily living after 52 weeks.

03WHAT REMAINS UNKNOWNAny beneficial neurological indication

Exploratory cognition signals have not produced an approved treatment, while retail formulation and long-term self-use are unvalidated.

What the current evidence saysNasal bleeding, runny nose and discomfort were more common in the PSP trial, while serious events reflected a medically vulnerable population. New gait, vision, swallowing, speech, memory or behavioural changes need neurological assessment rather than experimental stacking.
01 · OBSERVEDPublished safety findings

The summary above reflects the human or preclinical evidence currently represented on this profile.

02 · UNCERTAINGaps still matter

Limited follow-up, small studies or absent controlled trials can leave uncommon and longer-term risks unresolved.

03 · CONTEXTProduct and regulatory status

Route, product identity, quality and regulatory status can materially change the safety context; see the linked status sources below.

NASAL EFFECTSBleeding and discomfort were measured

Epistaxis, rhinorrhoea and nasal discomfort were more frequent with davunetide in the PSP trial.

NEUROLOGICAL CHANGESeek diagnosis before experimentation

New falls, gaze difficulty, swallowing change, focal weakness, confusion or rapid cognitive decline needs clinical assessment.

PRODUCT & STACKSTrial formulation is not a retail guarantee

Device delivery, concentration, purity and combinations with other CNS-active compounds change uncertainty.

Sources & current status
READ FURTHER

Sources & current status

Follow the professional sources used across this profile, then see how the compound is currently described in regulatory and research terms.

CURRENT STATUS

How to interpret its position today

United Kingdom

No UK-authorised medicine is represented on this profile

Davunetide / NAP is presented as a research compound. The MHRA products database should be checked for any future change in authorised status.

MHRA products database
United States

No FDA-approved therapeutic product identified

Regulatory evaluation of a substance for compounding is separate from approval of a drug for safety and efficacy.

FDA Drugs@FDA database

Profile reviewed against its linked source record on 20 September 2026. See how evidence is assessed.

RELATED RESEARCH AREAS
Cognitive Health